「PostgreSQLでよくやること」の版間の差分

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1行目: 1行目:
== dump/restore ==
== dump/restore ==
dump
=== dump ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
$ pg_dump <DATABASE_NAME> > <FILE_NAME>
$ pg_dump <DATABASE_NAME> > <FILE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
restore
or
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
$ psql <DATABASE_NAME>< infile
$ pg_dump -Fc <DATABASE_NAME> > <FILE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
or schema指定
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
$ pg_dump -n <SCHEMA> <DATABASE_NAME> > <FILE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
=== restore ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
$ psql <DATABASE_NAME> < <FILE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
or pg_dumpでFcやFtをつけてたらこっち
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
$ pg_restore -d <DATABASE_NAME> <FILE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


== role ==
== role ==
一覧
=== 一覧 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# \du
# \du
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
作成
=== 作成 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# CREATE ROLE <ROLE_NAME> WITH LOGIN PASSWORD '<PASSWORD>';
# CREATE ROLE <ROLE_NAME> WITH LOGIN PASSWORD '<PASSWORD>';
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
名前変更
=== 名前変更 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER ROLE <OLD_ROLE_NAME> TO <NEW_ROLE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
=== パスワード ===
==== 変更 ====
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER ROLE <OLD_ROLE_NAME>TO <NEW_ROLE_NAME>
# ALTER ROLE <ROLE_NAME> WITH PASSWORD '<PASSWORD>';
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
削除
==== 削除 ====
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER ROLE <ROLE_NAME> WITH PASSWORD NULL;
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 削除 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# DROP ROLE <ROLE_NAME>;
# DROP ROLE <ROLE_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


== database ==
== database ==
一覧
=== 一覧 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# \l
# \l
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
切り替え
=== 切り替え ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# \c <DABASE_NAME>
# \c <DATABASE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 作成 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
$ createdb -U <ROLE_NAME> <DATABASE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
作成
or
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# create database  <DABASE_NAME>;
# CREATE DATABASE <DATABASE_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
or
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# create database <DABASE_NAME> owner <OWNER_NAME>;
# CREATE DATABASE <DATABASE_NAME> OWNER <ROLE_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 名前変更 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER DATABASE <OLD_NAME> RENAME TO <NEW_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 削除 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
$ dropdb -U <ROLE_NAME> <DATABASE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
削除
or
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# drop database <DATABASE_NAME>;
# DROP DATABASE <DATABASE_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


== table ==
== table ==
一覧（viewとかも）
=== 一覧（viewとかも） ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# \d
# \d
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
一覧（tableだけ）
=== 一覧（tableだけ） ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# \dt
# \dt
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
削除
=== 作成 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS <TABLE_NAME>(
    id BIGSERIAL,
    <COLUMN_NAME> <TYPE>,
    ...,
    PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
COMMENT ON COLUMN <TABLE_NAME>.id IS 'ID';
COMMENT ON COLUMN <TABLE_NAME>.<COLUMN_NAME>IS '<COMMENT>';
...
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 削除 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# DROP TABLE IF EXISTS <TABLE_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
== column ==
=== 追加 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER TABLE <TABLE_NAME> ADD COLUMN <COLUMN_NAME> <COLUMN_TYPE>;
</syntaxhighlight>
or 特定のカラムの後に追加
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER TABLE <TABLE_NAME> ADD COLUMN <COLUMN_NAME> <COLUMN_TYPE> AFTER <EXISTING_COLUMN_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 型変更 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER TABLE <TABLE_NAME> ALTER COLUMN <COLUMN_NAME> TYPE <NEW_COLUMN_TYPE>;
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 削除 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# drop table <TABLE_NAME>;
# ALTER TABLE <TABLE_NAME> DROP COLUMN <COLUMN_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


71行目: 130行目:


== schema ==
== schema ==
一覧
=== 一覧 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# \dn
# \dn
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
確認
=== 確認 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# select current_schema;
# SELECT current_schema;
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
変更
=== 作成 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# set search_path to <SCHEMA_NAME>;
# CREATE SCHEMA <SCHEMA_NAME>;  
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 複製 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
$ pg_dump　-n <SOURCE_SCHEMA_NAME> <DATABASE_NAME> > <FILE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER SCHEMA <NEW_SCHEMA_NAME> RENAME TO <SOURCE_SCHEMA_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
$ psql <DATABASE_NAME> < <FILE_NAME>
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 名前変更 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER SCHEMA <OLD_NAME> RENAME TO <NEW_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
=== search_path変更 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# SET search_path TO <SCHEMA_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
or
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# ALTER USER <ROLE_NAME> SET search_path TO <SCHEMA_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
=== 削除 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# DROP SCHEMA <SCHEMA_NAME>;
</syntaxhighlight>
or スキーマ内のテーブルごと削除
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
# DROP SCHEMA <SCHEMA_NAME> CASCADE;
</syntaxhighlight>
== ほか ==
=== 複数カラムの組み合わせで重複しているレコードを抽出 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="sql">
SELECT
      *
FROM
    <TABLE>
WHERE
    (<COLUMN_1>, <COLUMN_2>) IN (
        SELECT DISTINCT
              <COLUMN_1>
            , <COLUMN_2>
        FROM
            <TABLE>
        GROUP BY
            <COLUMN_1>
            , <COLUMN_2>
        HAVING
            count(<COLUMN_1>) > 1
            AND count(<COLUMN_2>) > 1
    )
ORDER BY
    <COLUMN_1>
    , <COLUMN_2>
;
</syntaxhighlight>




[[Category:PostgreSQL]]
[[Category:PostgreSQL]]
[[Category:Database]]
[[Category:Database]]
[[Category:よくやること]]

2021年2月2日 (火) 06:25時点における最新版

dump/restore

dump

$ pg_dump <DATABASE_NAME> > <FILE_NAME>

or 

$ pg_dump -Fc <DATABASE_NAME> > <FILE_NAME>

or schema指定 

$ pg_dump -n <SCHEMA> <DATABASE_NAME> > <FILE_NAME>

restore

$ psql <DATABASE_NAME> < <FILE_NAME>

or pg_dumpでFcやFtをつけてたらこっち 

$ pg_restore -d <DATABASE_NAME> <FILE_NAME>

role

一覧

# \du

作成

# CREATE ROLE <ROLE_NAME> WITH LOGIN PASSWORD '<PASSWORD>';

名前変更

# ALTER ROLE <OLD_ROLE_NAME> TO <NEW_ROLE_NAME>

パスワード

変更

# ALTER ROLE <ROLE_NAME> WITH PASSWORD '<PASSWORD>';

削除

# ALTER ROLE <ROLE_NAME> WITH PASSWORD NULL;

削除

# DROP ROLE <ROLE_NAME>;

database

一覧

# \l

切り替え

# \c <DATABASE_NAME>

作成

$ createdb -U <ROLE_NAME> <DATABASE_NAME>

or 

# CREATE DATABASE <DATABASE_NAME>;

or 

# CREATE DATABASE <DATABASE_NAME> OWNER <ROLE_NAME>;

名前変更

# ALTER DATABASE <OLD_NAME> RENAME TO <NEW_NAME>;

削除

$ dropdb -U <ROLE_NAME> <DATABASE_NAME>

or 

# DROP DATABASE <DATABASE_NAME>;

table

一覧（viewとかも）

# \d

一覧（tableだけ）

# \dt

作成

# CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS <TABLE_NAME>(
    id BIGSERIAL,
    <COLUMN_NAME> <TYPE>,
    ...,
    PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
COMMENT ON COLUMN <TABLE_NAME>.id IS 'ID';
COMMENT ON COLUMN <TABLE_NAME>.<COLUMN_NAME>IS '<COMMENT>';
...

削除

# DROP TABLE IF EXISTS <TABLE_NAME>;


column

追加

# ALTER TABLE <TABLE_NAME> ADD COLUMN <COLUMN_NAME> <COLUMN_TYPE>;

or 特定のカラムの後に追加 

# ALTER TABLE <TABLE_NAME> ADD COLUMN <COLUMN_NAME> <COLUMN_TYPE> AFTER <EXISTING_COLUMN_NAME>;

型変更

# ALTER TABLE <TABLE_NAME> ALTER COLUMN <COLUMN_NAME> TYPE <NEW_COLUMN_TYPE>;

削除

# ALTER TABLE <TABLE_NAME> DROP COLUMN <COLUMN_NAME>;


schema

一覧

# \dn

確認

# SELECT current_schema;

作成

# CREATE SCHEMA <SCHEMA_NAME>;

複製

$ pg_dump　-n <SOURCE_SCHEMA_NAME> <DATABASE_NAME> > <FILE_NAME>

# ALTER SCHEMA <NEW_SCHEMA_NAME> RENAME TO <SOURCE_SCHEMA_NAME>;

$ psql <DATABASE_NAME> < <FILE_NAME>

名前変更

# ALTER SCHEMA <OLD_NAME> RENAME TO <NEW_NAME>;

search_path変更

# SET search_path TO <SCHEMA_NAME>;

or 

# ALTER USER <ROLE_NAME> SET search_path TO <SCHEMA_NAME>;

削除

# DROP SCHEMA <SCHEMA_NAME>;

or スキーマ内のテーブルごと削除 

# DROP SCHEMA <SCHEMA_NAME> CASCADE;


ほか

複数カラムの組み合わせで重複しているレコードを抽出

SELECT
      * 
FROM
    <TABLE>
WHERE
    (<COLUMN_1>, <COLUMN_2>) IN ( 
        SELECT DISTINCT
              <COLUMN_1>
            , <COLUMN_2>
        FROM
            <TABLE>
        GROUP BY
            <COLUMN_1>
            , <COLUMN_2>
        HAVING
            count(<COLUMN_1>) > 1 
            AND count(<COLUMN_2>) > 1
    ) 
ORDER BY
    <COLUMN_1>
    , <COLUMN_2>
;
「https://wiki.r371.com/index.php?title=PostgreSQLでよくやること&oldid=154」から取得